China and its economy have become a subject of hot debate worldwide. It is not surprising to find it figuring in all the news tabloids be it due to its human rights controversies, Beijing Olympics, its continued legacy of Tiananmen Square or just it's becoming the new 'economic wonder". It is the fifth fastest growing economy in the world and the fasted growing G-20 economy. China has emerged as a land of contradictions with a happy blend of traditional society consisting of peasant culture on the one hand and the most urbanized way of life on the other with all the high-tech amenities on par with the other most developed nations of the world.
People's Republic of China (ROC) with its capital in Beijing is the most populated country of the world. The initial decades saw a period of turmoil, civil wars, and ideological disparities within the nation. Politically, the nation was divided into two camps namely the Kuomintang and the Communists. Their differences finally came to an end in the year 1949 with the formation of the People's Republic of China by the Communists. Kuomintang got the jurisdiction of Taiwan and some outlying islands.
China's foreign affairs have seen two phases since the formation of the People's Republic of China. They can be classified as 30 years before and 20 years after the introduction of reforms. China brought out its big guns in the form of 'open economy' and the reform movement in the year 1978.
China has been ardently pursuing the policy of 'peaceful rise' without creating a socioeconomic imbalance either domestically or internationally. China's foreign policy was first formulated by Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai. It was later modified and developed on the principles of Deng Xiaoping Theory. This theory incorporated the doctrines of 'free market economy' with strategies to pursue its foreign policies peacefully yet effectively. The foreign policy of China is said to have three major characteristics which are unique:
1. China will, under no circumstances compromise on its national integrity or sovereignty nor will it bow down to any super-power or group of nations. It will make sure that the interests of its citizens are in no way hampered. It will keep up cordial relationship with all the countries depending upon their credibility.
2. China is very much contemporary in its approach patiently adhering to the current international scenario. It religiously follows its 'Five Principles of peaceful existence' in accordance with the ones stated in the United Nations Charter.
3. China strongly believes in the policy of 'live and let live'. It advocates peace talks and negotiations in the case of disputes about any issue. It acknowledges this to be the most rational thing to do in this age of the high tech engagement coupled with easy access to weapons of mass destruction. China believes in having good relations with the third world countries opposing their exploitation. It also does not support any kind of interference in the policies followed by other countries.
For further reading, you may visit wikipedia+China and China View.
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